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Ageratum (Ageratum houstonianum), also known as Floss Flower, is an annual plant in the Aster family, native to Mexico and Central America. It is prized for its soft, pompom-like flower heads, usually powder blue to lavender, though white and pink varieties also exist.
It forms compact, densely branched clumps, generally 15 to 45 cm tall depending on the cultivar (dwarf varieties under 30 cm are especially suited to borders and containers). The leaves are oval, toothed and slightly velvety, in bright green.
The small flowers, gathered into fluffy, pompom-like flower heads, bloom abundantly at the tips of the stems from April until the first autumn frosts, sometimes nearly covering the foliage during peak flowering.
Sow in a seedbed from February to March, pressing the seeds onto the surface of moist, well-drained soil without covering them, since they need light to germinate. Transplant outdoors only once frost danger has passed, generally from May.
Ageratum prefers full sun to light partial shade, with at least 4-5 hours of direct sunlight a day for abundant flowering. Ideal soil is loose, rich in organic matter and well-drained.
Water regularly, avoiding letting the soil dry out completely; feeding with a flower fertilizer every 15-20 days during the growing season helps sustain blooming. Deadheading spent flowers encourages new ones.
Space plants about 20-30 cm apart so the clumps can develop without overcrowding. Compact varieties are perfect for low beds and path edges, while in containers they look best paired with other annuals of different heights.
It is a fairly resistant plant, but excess moisture or poorly drained soil can favor root rot and powdery mildew. Good air circulation between plants and regular watering without waterlogging significantly reduce these risks.
The genus name Ageratum comes from the Greek "a-geras", meaning "without old age", referring to how long its flowers stay fresh without wilting. Thanks to its continuous blooming and ease of cultivation, Ageratum is one of the most widely used flowers in urban landscaping for colorful borders and beds.