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[Phaseolus vulgaris] Seeds of the classic Italian white cannellini bean, thin-skinned and creamy, great fresh or dried.
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white cannellini bean is the classic Italian variety grown for the elongated white bean typical of Tuscan cuisine, used both fresh and dried. It is prized for its thin skin and creamy texture once cooked.
Botanically it is a Phaseolus vulgaris, part of the Fabaceae family, with a dwarf or semi-climbing habit depending on selection, generally 40-50 cm tall. The straight, elongated pods contain white cylindrical seeds typical of cannellini beans.
It is a hardy plant, well suited to the Italian climate, with good yield for both fresh consumption and drying.
Sowing takes place from May to June, once the risk of frost is over, placing seeds 3-4 cm deep and 10-12 cm apart along the row, with rows 45-50 cm apart.
It prefers loose, fertile, well-drained soil, with balanced fertilization that doesn't overdo nitrogen. Regular watering during flowering and pod formation is key for a good seed yield.
For fresh consumption, harvest happens about 70-75 days after sowing, while for dried production you need to wait for the pods to fully dry on the plant, generally another 3-4 weeks.
Dwarf selections need no supports, while semi-climbing variants benefit from light staking to improve airflow and ease harvesting. For dry storage it's important to wait for complete drying before picking the pods.
The most common threats are anthracnose, bean rust and the bean weevil during dry storage. Crop rotation, good ventilation and storage in airtight containers are the best defenses.
Dried cannellini beans are rich in plant protein, soluble fiber and iron, with a good supply of potassium and magnesium. They are a staple ingredient in many traditional Tuscan dishes, from ribollita to legume soups.