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Root vegetable with deep red-violet color, sweet flavor and high natural sugar content, enjoyed raw or cooked.
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Beetroot is a root vegetable with a distinctive deep red-violet color, enjoyed both raw in salads and cooked, with a sweet flavor due to its high natural sugar content.
Its botanical name is Beta vulgaris, belonging to the Amaranthaceae family (formerly Chenopodiaceae). It is a biennial herbaceous plant, grown as an annual, forming a rounded fleshy root and dark green basal leaves.
Sow from March to July, directly in the field, burying the seeds about 2 cm deep in rows 30 cm apart. Germination takes 8-12 days with the soil kept moist.
It prefers loose, well-worked soil rich in organic matter, in a sunny spot. Thin out when seedlings reach 5-6 cm, leaving 10-15 cm between plants.
It requires consistent, regular watering, especially in the early growth stages: soil that is too dry compromises root development, making it woody.
Regular hoeing helps control weeds without damaging the shallow roots. Harvest when the root reaches 6-8 cm in diameter for the best texture.
It can be affected by cercospora leaf spot and aphids, favored by waterlogging and humid climate. Good crop rotation and well-drained soil significantly reduce the risk.
It is rich in antioxidants, folate and natural nitrates, with detoxifying properties beneficial for blood circulation; its characteristic color comes from betalain, a pigment with anti-inflammatory action.