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[Brassica oleracea] Seeds of Ox Heart cabbage, a fast-growing early variety with compact cone-shaped heads, crisp and ideal for spring harvests.
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Ox Heart cabbage is a very early cabbage variety, prized for its compact, cone-shaped head with smooth light green leaves. It is among the most widely grown spring varieties in home gardens for its fast maturity.
Botanically it is a Brassica oleracea var. capitata, part of the Brassicaceae family. It is a biennial plant grown as an annual, similar to Savoy cabbage but with a more compact head and smooth rather than crinkled leaves. The heart, crisp and firm, is entirely light-colored, with a short stem and grey-green outer leaves.
It is a hardy and vigorous variety, with fast growth and excellent resistance to splitting.
Sowing takes place in a seedbed, burying the seeds about 2-2.5 cm deep in rows 15 cm apart. Germination occurs after 7-12 days, and thinning to 3-5 cm should follow as soon as possible. Being a spring variety, sowing takes place in August-September or January-February for transplanting in February-March.
Transplanting takes place 5-7 weeks after germination, once seedlings are 10-15 cm tall, spacing them about 30x30 cm apart. It favors fertile, well-worked soil, with consistent watering especially during dry spells.
Harvest occurs about 55 days after transplanting, when the cone-shaped head reaches a weight of up to 1-1.5 kg, making it ideal for successive harvests from spring to summer.
A balanced fertilization at transplanting is recommended to support head development. Companion planting with lettuce, mint, potato, pea, tomato, celery and spinach favors healthier growth. Avoid waterlogging, which can cause rot at the base of the plant.
Common pests include root flies, cabbage white caterpillars, leaf beetles and slugs. Among fungal diseases, clubroot is the most dangerous: infected plants should be removed and burned, rotating cabbage crops each year.
The leaves of this cabbage are rich in vitamins and fiber, with a modest calorie content. It is a versatile vegetable in the kitchen, excellent both raw in salads and cooked in soups and stews, and also suitable for making sauerkraut.